Ibara ryibiryo bigira uruhare runini mukuzamura amashusho yibiribwa bitandukanye. Zikoreshwa kugirango ibicuruzwa byibiribwa bikurura abakiriya. Nyamara, gukoresha ibara ryibiryo bigengwa namabwiriza akomeye mubihugu bitandukanye. Buri gihugu gifite amategeko n'amabwiriza yihariye yerekeranye no gukoresha amabara y'ibiribwa, kandi abakora ibiribwa bagomba kwemeza ko amabara bakoresha yujuje ubuziranenge bwa buri gihugu aho ibicuruzwa byabo bigurishwa.
Muri Amerika, Ikigo gishinzwe ibiryo n'ibiyobyabwenge (FDA) kigenga ikoreshwa ry'irangi ry'ibiribwa. FDA yemeje urutonde rwibiribwa byogukora bifatwa nkumutekano kubikoresha. Harimo FD&C Umutuku No 40, FD&C Umuhondo No 5, na FD&C Ubururu No 1. Izi pigment zikoreshwa mubicuruzwa byinshi byibiribwa, birimo ibinyobwa, ibirungo ndetse nibiribwa bitunganijwe. Ariko, FDA nayo ishyiraho imipaka kurwego ntarengwa rwemewe rwamabara mubiribwa bitandukanye kugirango umutekano wabaguzi ube.
Muri EU, amabara y'ibiribwa agengwa n’ikigo cy’uburayi gishinzwe umutekano w’ibiribwa (EFSA). Ikigo cy’Uburayi gishinzwe umutekano w’ibiribwa gisuzuma umutekano w’ibindi biribwa, harimo amabara, kandi bigashyiraho urwego ntarengwa rwemewe rwo gukoresha mu biribwa. Umuryango w'ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi wemeje ibara ry’ibiribwa bitandukanye n’Amerika, kandi amabara amwe yemerewe muri Amerika ntashobora kwemererwa muri EU. Kurugero, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi wahagaritse gukoresha amarangi ya azo amwe, nka Sunset Yellow (E110) na Ponceau 4R (E124), kubera impungenge z’ubuzima.
Mu Buyapani, Minisiteri y’ubuzima, umurimo n’imibereho myiza (MHLW) igenga ikoreshwa ry’irangi ry’ibiribwa. Minisiteri y’ubuzima, umurimo n’imibereho myiza yashyizeho urutonde rw’ibara ry’ibiribwa byemewe n’ibirimo byemewe mu biribwa. Ubuyapani bufite urutonde rwamabara yemewe, amwe muramwe ashobora gutandukana nayemerewe muri Amerika na EU. Kurugero, Ubuyapani bwemeye ikoreshwa rya gardenia ubururu, pigment naturel yubururu yakuwe mu mbuto za gardenia idakunze gukoreshwa mubindi bihugu.
Ku bijyanye n'ibara ry'ibiryo bisanzwe, hari uburyo bugenda bwiyongera bwo gukoresha pigment y'ibimera ikomoka ku mbuto, imboga, n'andi masoko karemano. Aya mabara karemano akunze gufatwa nkubuzima bwiza kandi bwangiza ibidukikije ubundi buryo bwamabara. Nyamara, na pigment naturel igengwa namabwiriza nuburinganire mubihugu bitandukanye. Kurugero, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi wemera gukoresha ibivumvuri bya beterave nk'ibara ry’ibiribwa, ariko imikoreshereze yabyo igengwa n’amabwiriza yihariye yerekeye ubuziranenge bwayo n’ibigize.
Muri make, ikoreshwa rya pigment mu biryo rigengwa n’amabwiriza akomeye mu bihugu bitandukanye. Abakora ibiribwa bagomba kwemeza ko amabara bakoresha yujuje ubuziranenge bwa buri gihugu aho ibicuruzwa byabo bigurishwa. Ibi bisaba gusuzuma witonze urutonde rwibintu byemewe, urwego ntarengwa rwemewe n'amategeko n'amabwiriza yihariye yerekeye imikoreshereze yabyo. Yaba sintetike cyangwa karemano, amabara y'ibiryo agira uruhare runini muburyo bwo kureba ibiryo, bityo rero ni ngombwa kurinda umutekano wabo no kubahiriza amabwiriza arengera ubuzima bwabaguzi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-28-2024