Amabara y'ibiribwa agira uruhare runini mu kongera ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa bitandukanye by'ibiribwa. Akoreshwa mu gutuma ibiryo bikurura abaguzi. Ariko, ikoreshwa ry'amabara y'ibiribwa rigengwa n'amabwiriza n'amahame akaze mu bihugu bitandukanye. Buri gihugu gifite amabwiriza n'amahame yacyo yerekeye ikoreshwa ry'amabara y'ibiribwa, kandi abakora ibiribwa bagomba kugenzura ko amabara bakoresha yujuje ibisabwa na buri gihugu aho ibicuruzwa byabo bigurishirizwa.
Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Ikigo gishinzwe Ibiribwa n'Imiti (FDA) ni cyo kigenzura ikoreshwa ry'irangi ry'ibiribwa. FDA yemeje ubwoko butandukanye bw'amabara y'ibiribwa afatwa nk'aho afite umutekano mu kuribwa. Harimo FD&C Red No. 40, FD&C Yellow No. 5, na FD&C Blue No. 1. Aya marangi akoreshwa mu bicuruzwa bitandukanye by'ibiribwa, harimo ibinyobwa, amacandwe n'ibiribwa byatunganyijwe. Ariko, FDA inashyiraho imipaka ku rugero ntarengwa rw'aya marangi mu biribwa bitandukanye kugira ngo habeho umutekano ku baguzi.
Muri EU, amabara y'ibiribwa agenzurwa n'Ikigo cy'Uburayi gishinzwe umutekano w'ibiribwa (EFSA). Ikigo cy'Uburayi gishinzwe umutekano w'ibiribwa gisuzuma umutekano w'inyongeramusaruro z'ibiribwa, harimo n'ibisigazwa by'amabara, kandi kigashyiraho urwego ntarengwa rwemewe rwo gukoreshwa mu biribwa. EU yemera ubwoko butandukanye bw'amabara y'ibiribwa n'ay'Amerika, kandi amwe mu mabara yemewe muri Amerika ashobora kutemererwa muri EU. Urugero, EU yabujije ikoreshwa rya amarangi amwe ya azo, nka Sunset Yellow (E110) na Ponceau 4R (E124), bitewe n'ibibazo by'ubuzima bishobora kubaho.
Mu Buyapani, Minisiteri y'Ubuzima, Umurimo n'Imibereho Myiza (MHLW) niyo igenzura ikoreshwa ry'irangi ry'ibiribwa. Minisiteri y'Ubuzima, Umurimo n'Imibereho Myiza yashyizeho urutonde rw'amabara yemewe mu biribwa n'ingano ntarengwa yemewe mu biribwa. Ubuyapani bufite amabara yemewe, amwe muri yo ashobora gutandukana n'ayemewe muri Amerika no mu Muryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi. Urugero, Ubuyapani bwemeye ikoreshwa rya gardenia blue, ibara ry'ubururu karemano riva mu mbuto za gardenia ritakunze gukoreshwa mu bindi bihugu.
Ku bijyanye n'amabara y'ibiribwa karemano, hari icyerekezo gikomeje kwiyongera cyo gukoresha amabara y'ibimera akomoka ku mbuto, imboga, n'ibindi bikomoka ku bimera karemano. Aya mabara karemano akunze gufatwa nk'ameza meza kandi arengera ibidukikije aho kuba amabara y'ubukorano. Ariko, ndetse n'amabara karemano agengwa n'amabwiriza n'amahame mu bihugu bitandukanye. Urugero, Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'Ibihugu by'Uburayi wemerera ikoreshwa rya beterave nk'irangi ry'ibiryo, ariko ikoreshwa ryayo rigengwa n'amabwiriza yihariye yerekeye ubuziranenge n'imiterere yayo.
Muri make, ikoreshwa ry'amabara mu biribwa rigengwa n'amabwiriza n'amahame akaze mu bihugu bitandukanye. Abakora ibiribwa bagomba kugenzura neza ko amabara bakoresha yujuje ibisabwa na buri gihugu aho ibicuruzwa byabo bigurishirizwa. Ibi bisaba gusuzuma witonze urutonde rw'amabara yemewe, urwego ntarengwa rwemewe n'amategeko ndetse n'amabwiriza yihariye yerekeye ikoreshwa ryabyo. Byaba ari iby'ubukorikori cyangwa ibisanzwe, amabara y'ibiribwa agira uruhare runini mu kwegerana kw'ibiryo, bityo ni ngombwa kugenzura umutekano wabyo no kubahiriza amabwiriza yo kurinda ubuzima bw'abaguzi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-28-2024