Poroteyine ya soya isolate (SPI) ni ikintu gifite akamaro kanini kandi gikoreshwa cyane, cyakunzwe cyane mu nganda z'ibiribwa bitewe n'inyungu n'imikorere yacyo myinshi. Ikomoka ku ifu ya soya yakuwemo ibinure bike, isoteyine ya soya isolate ikorwa mu buryo butandukanye bwo gukuramo no gutandukanya ibice bitari poroteyine, bigatuma poroteyine iba irenga 90%. Ibi bituma iba isoko nziza ya poroteyine nziza, ifite cholesterol nke kandi idafite ibinure, bigatuma iba amahitamo meza ku bayirya. Kubera ubushobozi bwayo bwo gufasha mu kugabanya ibiro, kugabanya ibinure mu maraso, kugabanya gutakaza amagufwa, no gukumira indwara z'umutima n'imitsi, isoteyine ya soya isolate yabaye ikintu cy'agaciro mu biryo bitandukanye.
Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bigize isolate ya poroteyine ya soya ni imikorere yayo mu biribwa. Ifite imikorere myinshi, harimo gusya, gutonyanga, gukurura amavuta, gushonga, gufuro, kubyimba, gutunganya no gukurura. Iyi miterere ituma iba ikintu gifite akamaro gakomeye gishobora gukoreshwa mu bicuruzwa bitandukanye by'ibiribwa mu nganda zitandukanye. Kuva ku bikomoka ku nyama kugeza ku bikomoka ku ifu, ibikomoka ku mazi, n'ibikomoka ku bimera, isolate ya poroteyine ya soya itanga inyungu nyinshi, bigatuma iba ingenzi mu gukora ibiryo bitandukanye.
Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha isolate ya poroteyine ya soya, nko:
(1) Kongeramo byumye: Shyiramo poroteyine ya soya mu bikoresho mu buryo bw'ifu yumye hanyuma ubyivange. Ingano rusange y'inyongera ni hafi 2%-6%;
(2) Shyiramo mu buryo bwa colloid ifite amazi: Vanga isolate ya poroteyine ya soya n'igice runaka cy'amazi kugira ngo ukore slurry hanyuma wongereho. Muri rusange, 10%-30% bya colloid byongerwa ku musaruro;
(3) Shyiramo mu buryo bw'uduce twa poroteyine: Vanga isolate ya poroteyine ya soya n'amazi hanyuma ushyiremo glutamine transaminase kugira ngo poroteyine ihuze ikore inyama za poroteyine. Iyo bibaye ngombwa, hashobora gukorwa ihinduka ry'amabara, hanyuma bigakorwa n'icyuma gisya inyama. Uduce twa poroteyine, muri rusange twongerwamo ingano iri hagati ya 5% na 15%;
(4) Shyiramo mu buryo bwa emulsion: vanga isolate ya poroteyine ya soya n'amazi n'amavuta (amavuta y'amatungo cyangwa amavuta y'imboga) hanyuma ukate. Igipimo cyo kuvanga gihindurwa neza hakurikijwe ibyo ukeneye bitandukanye, poroteyine: amazi: amavuta = 1:5:1-2/1:4:1-2/1:6:1-2, nibindi, kandi igipimo rusange cyo kongeramo ni hafi 10%-30%;
(5) Shyiramo mu buryo bwo guterwa inshinge: vanga isolate ya poroteyine ya soya n'amazi, ibirungo, marinade, nibindi, hanyuma ubishyire mu nyama ukoresheje imashini itera inshinge kugira ngo bigire uruhare mu kubika amazi no kuyahindura. Muri rusange, ingano ya poroteyine yongewe mu inshinge ni hafi 3%-5%.
Muri make, isolate ya poroteyine ya soya itanga imikorere n'imikorere itandukanye mu nganda z'ibiribwa. Ingano yayo ya poroteyine nyinshi, hamwe n'imikorere yayo, bituma iba ikintu cy'ingenzi ku bakora ibiryo bashaka kunoza imiterere y'imirire n'imikorere y'ibicuruzwa byabo. Byaba ari ukunoza imiterere, kongera ubushuhe, cyangwa gutanga isoko ya poroteyine nziza, isolate ya poroteyine ya soya ikomeje kugira uruhare runini mu iterambere ry'ibicuruzwa bishya kandi bifite intungamubiri. Uko icyifuzo cy'abaguzi cy'ibiribwa byiza kandi birambye gikomeza kwiyongera, isolate ya poroteyine ya soya yiteguye gukomeza kuba ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gukora ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibiryo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-09-2024